Bureau Crb Criminal Records Search: Cases & Public Records

UK criminal-record checks explained

Looking for a CRB check? The current service is called a DBS check

The Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) no longer operates as a separate criminal-record checking service. On 1 December 2012, the CRB and Independent Safeguarding Authority were merged into the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS). People still commonly search for “CRB checks,” “Criminal Records Bureau checks” and “CRB certificates,” but new checks are now processed through the DBS system.

Primary jurisdiction: England and Wales Information checked: September 25, 2026 Official authority: Disclosure and Barring Service
Quick answer: if you want a criminal-record check for yourself, you can normally apply for a Basic DBS check. Standard and Enhanced checks are only available where the role is legally eligible, and they usually have to be requested through an employer or Registered Body. Scotland and Northern Ireland use different criminal-record checking systems.

What happened to the Criminal Records Bureau?

The Criminal Records Bureau was a UK government body that processed criminal-record disclosures for employment and safeguarding purposes.

On 1 December 2012, the CRB merged with the Independent Safeguarding Authority. Their functions transferred to a new organisation called the Disclosure and Barring Service.

Old terminology

CRB check

Historical name still commonly used by employers, applicants and searchers. New applications are no longer made to a separate Criminal Records Bureau.

Current terminology

DBS check

Current criminal-record checking service provided by the Disclosure and Barring Service.

If an employer says “get a CRB check” today: they almost certainly mean a DBS check. Ask which level of DBS check the role requires rather than searching for a separate CRB application.

Basic, Standard and Enhanced DBS checks compared

DBS level What it can show Who can request it? Eligibility
Basic Unspent convictions and conditional cautions. Individuals aged 16+ or an organisation with consent. Available for any purpose.
Standard Spent and unspent convictions and cautions held on the Police National Computer, subject to filtering. Requested through an eligible recruiting organisation / Registered Body. Only legally eligible roles.
Enhanced Standard-level information plus relevant local police information where legally appropriate. Usually through an employer or Registered Body; eligible self-employed/personal employees have a specific route. Only legally eligible roles.
Enhanced with Barred List(s) Enhanced information plus Children’s and/or Adults’ Barred List status where the role qualifies. Through the appropriate eligible application route. Restricted to legally eligible roles, often regulated activity.
An employer cannot simply choose the most detailed DBS check. Standard, Enhanced and Barred List checks require legal eligibility based on the role. Requesting a level of disclosure that the role is not entitled to can be unlawful.

Basic DBS check: the check most individuals can request themselves

A Basic DBS check is the closest current equivalent when someone simply wants a copy of the criminal-record information that can be disclosed at basic level.

It shows convictions and conditional cautions that are unspent under the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974.

A Basic check:

  • is available to people aged 16 or over
  • can be requested directly by an individual
  • does not require the job to meet special eligibility rules
  • uses GOV.UK identity verification
  • can be requested for employment or another legitimate purpose
  • does not show the same depth of information as Standard or Enhanced checks
Apply for a Basic DBS check on GOV.UK

Standard DBS check

A Standard DBS check can disclose spent and unspent convictions and adult cautions held on the Police National Computer when they are not protected by the statutory filtering rules.

Individuals normally cannot simply order a Standard check because they want a more detailed criminal-record search. The job or position must be legally eligible.

Eligibility matters: Standard checks are governed by legislation including the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 (Exceptions) Order. The recruiting organisation is responsible for making sure the position qualifies for the level of check requested.

DBS updated its Standard-check eligibility guidance in September 2026. Employers should use the current official eligibility guidance rather than assuming an older job description still qualifies.

Check Standard DBS eligibility

Enhanced DBS checks

An Enhanced DBS check contains the information provided at Standard level and can also include information held by local police where the police consider it relevant to the role and appropriate for disclosure.

Enhanced checks are commonly associated with eligible work involving children, adults in specified circumstances, healthcare, education and other legally defined positions.

Enhanced does not mean “everything police know.” Local police information is subject to legal tests concerning relevance and disclosure.

A 2026 change for self-employed workers

From 21 January 2026, eligible paid self-employed workers and personal employees became able to apply for Enhanced or Enhanced with Barred List checks through an appropriate DBS Umbrella Body.

The role must still meet the legal eligibility requirements. This did not create a general right for anyone to purchase an Enhanced DBS check.

Enhanced DBS with Children’s or Adults’ Barred List checks

DBS maintains barred lists covering people prohibited from carrying out specified regulated activity with children and/or adults.

An Enhanced check can include a search of one or both barred lists only where the role is legally eligible for that check.

Children

Children’s Barred List

Relevant to eligible roles involving regulated activity with children and certain other legally specified positions.

Adults

Adults’ Barred List

Relevant to qualifying regulated activity involving adults and other roles specifically provided for in law.

CRB / DBS check fees in 2026

Because this article is being checked shortly before a scheduled fee change, it is important to separate the fee payable now from the fee that begins in October.

Service Through 4 October 2026 From 5 October 2026
Basic DBS £21.50 £20.00
Standard DBS £21.50 £20.00
Enhanced DBS £49.50 £41.00
Enhanced with Barred List(s) £49.50 £41.00
Update Service annual subscription £16.00 £15.00
Qualifying volunteer checks Free Free
Umbrella / Responsible Organisation charges: third-party processing organisations may charge their own administration fee in addition to the DBS government fee. DBS does not set or regulate those separate administration charges.

How to apply for the correct DBS criminal-record check

Find out which level you actually need

If an employer requested the check, ask whether it is Basic, Standard, Enhanced or Enhanced with a Barred List check.

Check legal eligibility

Basic checks do not require special role eligibility. Standard and Enhanced checks do.

Use the correct application route

Apply directly through GOV.UK for a Basic check. Standard and Enhanced checks normally proceed through the employer and a Registered Body or appropriate Umbrella Body.

Prove your identity

Applicants must provide the identification required for the chosen DBS application route.

Check the application carefully

Incorrect names, addresses or identity details can delay processing and can complicate criminal-record matching.

Track the application

DBS provides online tracking for qualifying applications.

How long does a DBS check take?

GOV.UK currently says a Basic DBS check can take up to around 14 days, although many are completed much sooner.

Standard and Enhanced checks can take longer. General GOV.UK guidance says these checks can take around 8 weeks, although the actual time varies.

Processing can be affected by:

  • type of DBS check
  • accuracy of the application
  • number of police forces involved
  • local police enquiries for Enhanced checks
  • identity or address issues
  • information requiring further review
Do not book travel or employment start dates around an assumed completion date. A DBS application can finish faster or slower than the typical processing period.

Why an old conviction or caution may not appear on a DBS certificate

Criminal-record disclosure in England and Wales is affected by both rehabilitation and filtering rules.

Basic DBS checks show unspent convictions and conditional cautions. Standard and Enhanced checks can reveal more information, but some old or minor records can become protected and are not automatically disclosed.

Current filtering principles

DBS guidance updated in September 2026 explains that certain records must always be disclosed on Standard and Enhanced certificates, including:

  • convictions for specified offences
  • adult cautions for specified offences
  • convictions resulting in a custodial sentence
  • unspent convictions and conditional cautions

Other non-specified adult cautions and convictions can be filtered after the applicable period. Youth cautions, warnings and reprimands are treated differently under the current rules.

Employers should not ask for protected information. Where filtering applies, an employer requesting a Standard or Enhanced DBS check can only lawfully ask about convictions and cautions that the individual is legally required to disclose.
Read current DBS filtering guidance

Who is allowed to request each type of DBS check?

Basic

Anyone aged 16+

An individual can request a Basic check for themselves. An employer can also arrange one through a Responsible Organisation with consent.

Standard

Eligible roles only

The applicant normally cannot order it independently. The recruiting organisation must be legally entitled to request that level of criminal-history disclosure.

Enhanced

Specific eligible work

Used for qualifying positions and safeguarding contexts. Eligible paid self-employed workers and personal employees have a specific Umbrella Body route from 2026.

The DBS eligibility guidance applies primarily to England and Wales and also covers specific arrangements involving the Channel Islands and Isle of Man.

Check current DBS eligibility

DBS Update Service: keeping Standard and Enhanced checks current

The DBS Update Service allows an applicant to maintain qualifying Standard or Enhanced certificates and allows an authorised employer to check whether the certificate’s status has changed.

It is not available for Basic DBS checks.

Applicant

Keep qualifying certificates updated

An applicant can register qualifying Standard or Enhanced certificates and move them between suitable roles where the workforce and level remain compatible.

Employer

Check certificate status

An employer can perform an online status check with the applicant’s consent after viewing the original DBS certificate.

The current subscription is £16 per year and falls to £15 per year from 5 October 2026. Qualifying volunteers do not pay the Update Service subscription fee.

Open DBS Update Service

Does a CRB or DBS check expire?

A DBS certificate has no official expiry date.

The certificate records the information available when it was issued. An employer can decide that a newer check is needed, and some sectors have their own rules requiring periodic rechecking.

Think “date issued,” not “expiry date.” A certificate from several years ago may technically have no expiry date but may no longer give an employer enough confidence about the applicant’s current record.

What to do if a DBS certificate contains the wrong criminal record

DBS has a formal dispute process for incorrect information.

For Standard or Enhanced certificates, a person can challenge:

  • criminal-record information that is incorrect
  • information that belongs to another person
  • irrelevant police information on an Enhanced certificate
  • incorrect name or personal details

GOV.UK currently says a dispute should normally be raised within 3 months of the certificate date.

Police may request fingerprints where identity needs to be established.

DBS Customer Services

Certificate dispute help

Telephone: 03000 200 190
International: +44 (0)151 676 9390
Published hours: Monday–Friday, 9:00 a.m.–5:00 p.m., excluding public holidays

Start with official dispute guidance

Want your actual police records? Use a Subject Access Request, not DBS

A DBS certificate is designed for criminal-record disclosure and safeguarding decisions. It is not the same as obtaining a copy of all personal police information held about you.

A person has the right to request their own police records through a Subject Access Request.

For records held on the Police National Computer by police forces in England, Wales, Guernsey, Jersey, the Isle of Man and British Transport Police, GOV.UK directs individuals to ACRO Criminal Records Office.

The ACRO Subject Access Request is free. It is intended for the person’s own use and is different from a DBS employment check.
An employer or landlord should not tell you to obtain a Subject Access Request so they can inspect it. GOV.UK specifically states that other people such as employers and landlords cannot require you to use this route to give them access to your police records.
Get your police records

Need a criminal-record certificate for a visa or emigration?

A DBS check is not always the correct document for immigration or overseas visa applications.

GOV.UK directs people to ACRO Criminal Records Office for police certificates used for immigration, residency or visa purposes in many countries.

Examples can include applications connected with:

  • United States visas
  • Canadian immigration
  • Australian immigration
  • New Zealand visas
  • South African immigration
  • other countries requesting a UK police certificate
Before paying for a DBS check: read the destination country’s immigration instructions. If it asks for an ACRO police certificate, a Basic DBS certificate may not satisfy the requirement.

CRB / DBS checks in Scotland and Northern Ireland

DBS is not the universal criminal-record checking body for every part of the UK.

Scotland

Disclosure Scotland

Criminal-record and safeguarding checks for roles based in Scotland are generally handled through Disclosure Scotland and the applicable Scottish disclosure / PVG system.

Visit Disclosure Scotland

Northern Ireland

AccessNI

Criminal-record checks for jobs in Northern Ireland generally use AccessNI rather than DBS.

Visit AccessNI

Someone living in Scotland or Northern Ireland but applying for a job in England or Wales may still need a DBS check depending on the role and application route.

Important employer rules when requesting criminal-record checks

Employers should request only the level of DBS disclosure the position is legally entitled to receive.

For Basic checks, an employer can ask the applicant to obtain their own certificate or can use a Responsible Organisation with the applicant’s consent.

Standard and Enhanced checks require legal eligibility and ordinarily use a Registered Body.

A criminal record should not automatically mean rejection. DBS guidance tells employers to consider disclosed information in context and to assess its relevance to the particular role rather than treating every conviction or caution in the same way.

Protected records

Where a caution or conviction is protected under the filtering rules, an employer generally should not ask the applicant to disclose it or use it in a recruitment decision where the filtering rules apply.

Discussing a Basic DBS result

DBS processing standards say Responsible Organisations should ensure applicants understand the possible impact of criminal-history information and that relevant information should be discussed with the applicant before a job offer is withdrawn.

CRB and DBS criminal-record checks: frequently asked questions

1. Can I still get a CRB check?

No new check is issued by a separate Criminal Records Bureau. The CRB merged with the Independent Safeguarding Authority on 1 December 2012 to form the Disclosure and Barring Service. The current product is called a DBS check.

2. Is a CRB check the same as a DBS check?

“CRB check” is the old terminology. DBS is the current organisation and criminal-record checking system used for relevant checks in England and Wales.

3. Can I apply for my own DBS check?

You can apply directly for a Basic DBS check if you are aged 16 or over. Standard and Enhanced checks usually require an eligible role and an application through the appropriate organisation.

4. What does a Basic DBS check show?

A Basic DBS check shows unspent convictions and conditional cautions under the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act rules.

5. What is the difference between Standard and Enhanced DBS?

A Standard check can include qualifying spent and unspent convictions and cautions held on the Police National Computer. An Enhanced check includes that information and may also contain relevant local police information. Barred List checks can be added only for eligible roles.

6. How much does a DBS check cost in 2026?

Until 4 October 2026 the government fees are £21.50 for Basic and Standard checks and £49.50 for Enhanced checks. From 5 October 2026, DBS has announced reduced fees of £20 for Basic and Standard checks and £41 for Enhanced checks.

7. Does a DBS certificate expire?

No. DBS certificates have no official expiry date. They reflect information available on the date the certificate was issued, so an employer may decide that a newer check is required.

8. Can I see all police information about myself with a DBS check?

No. If you want your own Police National Computer records, a Subject Access Request through ACRO may be the appropriate route. It is different from a DBS employment check.

9. What should I do if my DBS certificate is wrong?

Use the DBS dispute process. For Standard or Enhanced checks, GOV.UK currently advises raising the dispute within three months of the certificate date. DBS or police may request fingerprints where identity is disputed.

10. Is DBS used in Scotland and Northern Ireland?

Different systems generally apply. Disclosure Scotland handles Scottish checks, while AccessNI handles Northern Ireland checks. DBS is primarily the criminal-record checking service for eligible roles in England and Wales.

Official CRB / DBS criminal-record resources

Editorial note: Criminal-Record.org is an independent informational resource and is not affiliated with the Disclosure and Barring Service, Home Office, ACRO or any government agency. “CRB check” is retained here because it remains a common search term, but the Criminal Records Bureau no longer operates as a separate criminal-record checking body. Eligibility, fees and disclosure rules can change, so confirm important information through GOV.UK or the organisation requesting the check.

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